Since as far back as the era of radio and before, as Winston Churchill said, A lie can go around the world before the truth gets its pants on., Michael J. Oghia, an author, editor and journalist based in Europe, said he expects a worsening of the information environment due to five things: 1) The spread of misinformation and hate; 2) Inflammation, sociocultural conflict and violence; 3) The breakdown of socially accepted/agreed-upon knowledge and what constitutes fact. 4) A new digital divide of those subscribed (and ultimately controlled) by misinformation and those who are enlightened by information based on reason, logic, scientific inquiry and critical thinking. Which of the following organizational processes does communication fulfill? He recently read a memo from one, department presenting a new idea for a product. Many of those who expect no improvement of the information environment said those who wish to spread misinformation are highly motivated to use innovative tricks to stay ahead of the methods meant to stop them. D) A green P. What aspect of the Stroop task demonstrates controlled processing? Irresponsibility Social. But the overarching and competing themes were clear: Those who do not think things will improve felt that humans mostly shape technology advances to their own, not-fully-noble purposes and that bad actors with bad motives will thwart the best efforts of technology innovators to remedy todays problems. Several longer additional sets of responses tied to these themes follow that summary. C) It assumes unattended information is completely filtered out, with no further processing. Consequently, consistent with previous resolutions, the American Library Association cannot recommend filtering. A) Spotlight model This will end up being a censored information reality., An eLearning specialist observed, Any system deeming itself to have the ability to judge information as valid or invalid is inherently biased. And a professor and researcher noted, In an open society, there is no prior determination of what information is genuine or fake.. And the political environment is bad., Ian OByrne, assistant professor at the College of Charleston, replied, Human nature will take over as the salacious is often sexier than facts. We need to replace ignorance and frustration with better life opportunities that restore confidence a tall order and a tough agenda. This data is represented by the user vector. Many of these experts said the flaws in human nature and still-undeveloped norms in the digital age are the key problems that make users susceptible to false, misleading and manipulative online narratives. Two columns in a cell range can be filtered independently. Chicago, IL: American Association of School Librarians (AASL) So the new divide will be between the people who want their information to be real vs. those who simply want it to feel important. If readers do not change or improve their ability to seek out and identify reliable information sources, the information environment will not improve., Ella Taylor-Smith, senior research fellow at the School of Computing at Edinburgh Napier University, noted, As more people become more educated, especially as digital literacy becomes a popular and respected skill, people will favour (and even produce) better quality information., Constance Kampf, a researcher in computer science and mathematics, said, The answer depends on socio-technical design these trends of misinformation versus verifiable information were already present before the internet, and they are currently being amplified. These are the bedrock institutions much of the public has relied upon for objective, verified, reliable information information undergirded by ethical standards and a general goal of serving the common good. Content-based filtering is defined as a type of recommender system that attempts to guess what a user may like based on that user's activity. The problem is human nature, The Role of Alternative Social Media in the News and Information Environment, AI and Human Enhancement: Americans Openness Is Tempered by a Range of Concerns. A pure collaborative algorithm cannot recommend an item if there are . Which of the following highlights the relevance of contextual cuing? A. Filters sort information in alphabetical order. They offered a range of suggestions, from regulatory reforms applied to the platforms that aid misinformation merchants to legal penalties applied to wrongdoers. First, the likes of the user, the user's interest, user's personal information such as age or, sometimes the user's history too. People on systems like Facebook are increasingly forming into echo chambers of those who think alike. These respondents said the information environment cant be improved without more, well-staffed, financially stable, independent news organizations. D) A combination of the single filter and dual filter models. In other words, if theres a will, theres way.. (See About this canvassing of experts for details about this sample.) Use the key terms from Chapter 2 to complete the following sentence: which of the following statements about filtering information is accurate?papa smurf tattoo The only major fear I have is of massive communications conglomerates imposing pervasive censorship., Steven Miller, vice provost for research at Singapore Management University, wrote, Even now, if one wants to find reliable sources, one has no problem doing that, so we do not lack reliable sources of news today. Perhaps the surge of fake news in the recent past will serve as a wake-up call to address these aspects of online skills in the media and to address these as fundamental educational competencies in our education system. Which of the following statements about filter models of attention is most correct? Explain your answer. 4) Which of the following statements about filtering is NOT true? C) A blue P. The success of Donald Trump will be a flaming signal that this strategy works, alongside the variety of technologies now in development (and early deployment) that can exacerbate this problem. These are the main causes of the deterioration of a public domain of shared facts as the basis for discourse and political debate., Kenneth Sherrill, professor emeritus of political science at Hunter College, City University of New York, predicted, Disseminating false rumors and reports will become easier. Medium conflict leads to high performance. According to Cherry's work on auditory attention, which of the following would NOT help to distinguish target sounds from background noise? D) Filtering enables a user to examine and analyze a subset of records. Anonymous engineer, J. Nathan Matias, a postdoctoral researcher at Princeton University and previously a visiting scholar at MITs Center for Civic Media, wrote, Through ethnography and largescale social experiments, I have been encouraged to see volunteer communities with tens of millions of people work together to successfully manage the risks from inaccurate news., A researcher of online harassment working for a major internet information platform commented, If there are nonprofits keeping technology in line, such as an ACLU-esque initiative, to monitor misinformation and then partner with spaces like Facebook to deal with this kind of news spam, then yes, the information environment will improve. ), Deloitte Risk Services, Synthesis Report: Test and benchmark of products and services to voluntarily filter Internet content for children between 6 and 16 years, 2008 (Prepared for the European Union's Safer Internet plus Programme), Internet Filters: A Public Policy Report (2006) By Theresa Chmara with Freedom to Read Foundation, Why Recent Court Decisions Dont Change the Rules on Filtering (2012) Not monotonically, and not without effort, but fundamentally, I still believe that the efforts to improve the information environment will ultimately outweigh efforts to devolve it., Bryan Alexander, futurist and president of Bryan Alexander Consulting, replied, Growing digital literacy and the use of automated systems will tip the balance towards a better information environment.. B) The filtering function can be applied to only one data set on a worksheet. Those wanting to spread misinformation will always be able to find ways to circumvent whatever controls are put in place., A research scientist for the Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory at MIT said, Problems will get worse faster than solutions can address, but that only means solutions are more needed than ever.. You'll get a detailed solution from a subject matter expert that helps you learn core concepts. The respondents who supported this view noted that peoples actions from consciously malevolent and power-seeking behaviors to seemingly more benign acts undertaken for comfort or convenience will work to undermine a healthy information environment. Most of the respondents who gave hopeful answers about the future of truth online said they believe technology will be implemented to improve the information environment. Her boss suggests MBTI. We adopt most likely scenarios for events of which we do not have detailed knowledge, and so on. The more a given source is attributed to fake news, the lower it will sit in the credibility tree. If there is a great amount of pressure from the industry to solve this problem (which there is), then methodologies will be developed and progress will be made In other words, if theres a will, theres way. The problem is that its *still* very hard for computer systems to analyze text, find assertions made in the text and crosscheck them. That money is drying up, and it seems unlikely to be replaced within the next decade., Rich Ling, professor of media technology at the School of Communication and Information at Nanyang Technological University, said, We have seen the consequences of fake news in the U.S. presidential election and Brexit. Remember that quote from Roger Ailes: People dont want to BE informed, they want to FEEL informed. Sigh.. When the television became popular, people also believed everything on TV was true. Which of the following uses top-down processing to best explain Connie's sudden shift in attention? These changes will drive significant corporate and public sector improvements in security during the next decade., Larry Keeley, founder of innovation consultancy Doblin, predicted technology will be improved but people will remain the same, writing, Capabilities adapted from both bibliometric analytics and good auditing practices will make this a solvable problem. Which of the following is true of the Stroop Effect? She wrote: Its encouraging to see some of the big platforms beginning to deploy internet solutions to some of the issues around online extremism, violence and fake news. Digital resources and services allow libraries to significantly expand the scope of information available to users. What is truth? We need more individuals who take responsibility for getting reliable sources., 1615 L St. NW, Suite 800Washington, DC 20036USA Many of these respondents said the leaders and engineers of the major information platform companies will play a significant role. Which of the following statements about visual search tasks is most correct? About; British Mark; Publication; Awards; Nominate; Sponsorship; Contact To get to the SQL statements, I simply scroll down on the ABAP Statistics Record Screen to the SQL Statements section. How to Filter Query Results in SQL - FutureLearn Relying on algorithms and automated measures will result in various unwanted consequences. It is profitable to do so, profit made by creating an article that causes enough outrage that advertising money will follow. 3) A few trusted sources will continue to dominate the internet., Irene Wu, adjunct professor of communications, culture and technology at Georgetown University, said, Information will improve because people will learn better how to deal with masses of digital information. Featured Speakers: Gwyneth Jones Filtering can be applied to rows but not columns. But governments, users and society are being too quick to turn all of the responsibility over to internet platforms. They said certain actors in government, business and other individuals with propaganda agendas are highly driven to make technology work in their favor in the spread of misinformation, and there will continue to be more of them.
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