Easel assessment included with this lesson plan.CDC HEALTH STANDARD SEVEN: Students will demonstrate the ability to practice health enhancing behaviors and to avoid or re, 9 worksheets to practice naming and writing formulas for ionic and covalent compounds, including acids and hydrates. Measure the mass of the empty crucible using the balance. I was born December18,1963When would I graduate high school? The electronic scales (quite cheap) were an obvious first candidate for a source of error. If youve read this far, Im already grateful, but Id be even more so, if anyone could suggest where the difference between 5 and 5.18 is coming from. \[x = \frac{n_{\ce{H2O}}}{n_{\text{Anhydrous Solid}}} \label{6}\]. I can also customize anything you've already purchased.Check out some of my other work!Atomic StructureIonic CompoundsNomenclatureGeneral ChemistryScientific Method, End your nomenclature unit with a lab! Why purchase my version of this lab? Place the crucible, hydrated copper sulfate, and lid on/in your clay triangle. Experimental data may be collected with other students in introductory chemistry labs. This means, This lesson plan assists elementary students in understanding why it is important to drink plenty of water. Place the crucible on the triangle and ring stand over the bunsen burner and heat until it turns white. We would call this copper sulfate pentahydrate. present. Safety: When heating a substance in a test tube, be sure the open end of the test tube points away from yourself. Chemical Reaction Lab Report You'll be surprised at how much older kids like to color!This Science color-by-numbers activity includes 18 questions covering writing a formula from the name of an acid, hydroxide or hydrate or naming the compound from a chemical formula. Instead, as seen calibration results, more of each was used. Why do men's bikes have high bars where you can hit your testicles while women's bikes have the bar much lower? The lab has an introduction to help students understand why they are doing the lab. Then using the A, B symbols, this lab will be to determine the percent water in an unknown hydrate, determine the moles of water present in each mole of the unknown substance, and to use the molecular mass to find the empirical formula of a hydrate. To find the expected error in the answer, $\Delta X$, assuming no error in the molecular masses, we calculate: When you would go to mass the anhydrous salt, some of the mass would be missing as it would be in the air. Its weight before cooling was 0.02g (on my scales) less than its empty weight cold. They are very math intensive, and very conceptual in nature. Chemistry Honors (Unlikely, considering that the ratios between the two, both stoichiometric and percent water content, would be smaller in such an instance. By heating a known mass of hydrated salt, evaporating the water (essentially distillation), and then comparing the mass lost to the mass of anhydrous salt left behind, we can calculate the percentage of water within the hydrated salt. 5 H 2 O 6. Once dissolved, fill the rest of the volumetric . rev2023.5.1.43405. Kieran Sidebotham Given the data presented above, findings showed the experimental percentage of water within the hydrated salt to be: 47.10%, The accepted percentage of water within hydrated copper sulfate is:36.07%, As such, the percent error within this measurement is30.57%, The experimental stoichiometric ratio between copper sulfate and water was found to be: 1:5.314, The accepted stoichiometric ratio between copper sulfate and water is: 1:5, The percent error within this measurement is 5.909%. Heating will shift the equation of dehydration below to the right since it is an endothermic reaction. The mass was reduced to 7.58 g. What is the formula of the hydrate? (3 points) For $\Delta W_0$ I think it is safe to say that this is only the inaccuracy of the scale, so perhaps $0.01$ g. For $\Delta W_e$ I would go for the worst case scenario: that all of the 0.6% impurity in the original copper sulfate has evaporated, meaning that the weight will be off by 0.6% times $W_0$ i.e. . Chemistry Naming & Formulas: Polyatomic Ions & Hydrates Guided Inquiry Lesson, Composition of a Hydrate Chemical Formula Lab, Naming & Writing Chemical Formulas: Acids & Hydrates |Distance Learning, Naming & Writing Chemical Formulas-LESSONS BUNDLE, Drink more water- hydrating, refreshing, natural. Percent error **hint set up the table with percent composition for water** Percent error = actual % experimental % X 100 = ____ % actual %. Site design / logo 2023 Stack Exchange Inc; user contributions licensed under CC BY-SA. Hydrate: A compound that contains the water molecule. However, some spontaneously lose water upon standing in the atmosphere, they are said to be efflorescent. Hypothesis: If dyed lichen is exposed to certain chemicals, than color will color the solution. Piece of paper, NaCl (sodium chloride), water, 6 M HCL (hydrochloric acid), 0.1 M AgNO3 (silver nitrate), Mg ribbon, 6 M HCL (hydrochloric acid), CuSO4 5 H2O, 0.50g iron fillings, 0.50g of powdered sulfur, magnet, copper sulfate solution, zinc metal Is it safe to publish research papers in cooperation with Russian academics? clip art, assessment, writing prompt, art activity, answer key, printables, no prep needed. A chemical reaction is when substances (reactants) change into other substances (products). 1. What did your group get as the formula of the hydrate? Use caution when heating the crucible and cover. Write the goal of the lab or the question you tried to answer. A minor scale definition: am I missing something? Set the crucible with its cover slightly open on a clay triangle and heat strongly for at least 10 minutes. By clicking Post Your Answer, you agree to our terms of service, privacy policy and cookie policy. The goal of this experiment was to determine the product of copper (II) sulfate with iron. Ferrous or iron(II) compounds can easily be oxidised to ferric The purpose of this lab was to have real life experience with using observations to determine whether or not a chemical or physical change had occurred. Make sure that the tube is clamped near the bung as shown. Using crucible tongs, clean a porcelain crucible and its cover using concentrated nitric acid (6 M). So if I look at the calculation process you have the following equation to get from known quantities to the answer: $$X=\left(\frac{W_0}{W_e}-1\right)\left(\frac{M_{CuSO_4}}{M_{H_2O}}\right) \tag{1}$$. A 'chemical' source of error is that the Materials: Record the mass and place the solute into a 50 mL volumetric flask. The solvent was the dissolving substance and the solute was the substance being dissolved. How do you feel in the morning when you wake up? Download Free PDF View PDF To subscribe to this RSS feed, copy and paste this URL into your RSS reader. In this section we will determine the number of moles of water present per mole of anhydrous solid in a given hydrate. Observations on structure, texture , wetness, etc. where $W_0$ is the start weight, $W_e$ the end weight and $M_i$ is the respective molecular mass. Lab 1: Determining the Empirical Formula of a Compound, Lab 2: Determine the Percentage of Water in a Hydrate, Lab 16: Gravimetric Determination of a Precipitate, Lab 14a: Separation and Analysis of Cations, Lab 18: Separation by Liquid Chromatography, Lab 6a: Standardizing a Solution of Sodium Hydroxide, Lab 33: Determination of Calcium Carbonate Content of and Anti-Acid Pill, Lab 28: Molecular Interaction in Ethanol and Acetone, Obtained crucible and lid (henceforth, the two are considered to be together unless mentioned otherwise), inspected them, and measured their mass: 36.1574g, Obtained equipment, set up ring stand, Bunsen Burner, clay triangle, and mesh pad. The mass was reduced to 7.58 g. What is the formula of the hydrate? Also as I was calculating the empirical formula, I wasn't quite sure the figures were correct so I might have miscalculated. This mass was taken before the substance was heated. * Water Also, suggest some reasons why your number might be off from the true number. A 15.67 g sample of a hydrate of magnesium carbonate was heated, without decomposing the carbonate, to drive off the water. CDC Health Standard 7, Naming Ionic and Covalent Compounds, Acids, and Hydrates, Acids, Bases and Hydrates Names and Formulas | Science Color By Numbers, Naming Compounds Bundle | Nomenclature | Science Color by Numbers, Chemistry Lab: Empirical Formula Hydrated Compound, PPT, WmUp, Ex Tic, Key, Lab, Chemistry Lab Bundle 1: 31 Labs, 17 Inquiry, Quiz, Key, PPT, PDF/Word, Copper (II) Sulfate Hydrate Lab - % composition, UNIT 9 - THE MOLE WORKSHEETS BUNDLE (#59-61), Chemistry Curriculum Full Year Guided Notes Bundle, Formula of Hydrate Lab - Data & Analysis GoogleSheet, Percent Composition, Empirical & Molecular Formulas, of Compounds & Hydrates, Chemistry Lab: Percent Water in a Hydrate. What does that x value tell you? Your lab report must contain the following information: To achieve this, a known mass of hydrated salt was heated, evaporating the water (essentially distillation). Some compounds like carbohydrates release water upon heating by decomposition of the compound rather than by loss of the water of hydration. Water adheres to the dish when the dish is at room temperature. * Hot plate In order to determine the formula of the hydrate, [\(\text{Anhydrous Solid}\ce{*}x\ce{H2O}\)], the number of moles of water per mole of anhydrous solid (\(x\)) will be calculated by dividing the number of moles of water by the number of moles of the anhydrous solid (Equation \ref{6}). If the correct formula of copper sulfate is CuSO4.5H20, determine your percent error. Two forms of this lab included for student differentiation. This page titled 5: Properties of Hydrates (Experiment) is shared under a CC BY-NC license and was authored, remixed, and/or curated by Santa Monica College. The following steps are followed: Approximately 3g hydrated copper sulfate is weighed to the closest milligram. * Candle Molarity is calculated by diving the number of moles in the solute by the volume (in liters) of the complete solution. Making statements based on opinion; back them up with references or personal experience. ), During heating, some of the hydrous salt may have spattered, thus removing a portion of the hydrous salt from the crucible (A more likely source of error, considering that this would result in a greater difference between the two ratios, and percentages. October 3, 2017 I have a porcelain evaporating dish to contain the hydrate during heating, electronic scales that will weigh to 300g in increments of 10mg, and commercially bought copper sulphate that is allegedly 99.5% pure. By clicking Accept all cookies, you agree Stack Exchange can store cookies on your device and disclose information in accordance with our Cookie Policy. I could perhaps have not heated the hydrate enough, and not driven off all the water but then Id have less than 5, not more, waters per mol. Your values correspond to a #38.169%# water percent composition for copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate. This resource will come to you as a Google Doc. In this section you will try to determine through the testing of a series of compounds, which ones are true hydrates. Procedure A. Qualitative Determination of the Released Liquid after Heating CuSO 4.5H 2 O 1. T, Concepts:This worksheet teaches students how to determine the number of water molecules in a hydrate. The error you find falls within the worst-case expected error due to impurity and potentially adhered water. Calculate the change in mass for each sample. It contains a brief introduction to hydrates and then describes the series of calculations that are done to determine the ratio of the moles of water to anhydrate salt. Will this likely lead to a higher or lower value of \(x\) than the actual value. You will find that most students will obtain the expected results pretty much dead on, and the students love the very low percent erro, Students get to discover the formula of a hydrate with real world experimental techniques in this lab! Is there any known 80-bit collision attack? The number you found for the water replaced the x in the formula CuSO4 xH2O. Download the preview file to get a look! The actual value of moles of water per copper sulfate is 5 moles and the percent composition of water in copper sulfate pentahydrate is 36.1% Variables: Independent Variable: Mass of crucible, cover and hydrated sample in grams Dependent Variable: Mass of water evolved in grams Weigh the samples and record the masses as final masses. Crush the copper sulfate hydrate (blue compound) using a mortar and pestle. Students chew bubble gum to remove sugar instead of removing water from a hydrate. Introduction What will be the effect, on the mass of the residue, of not heating the hydrate enough to drive off all the water of hydration in the hydrate. It should be brief (aim for ten words or less) and describe the main point of the experiment or investigation. : an American History (Eric Foner), Chemistry: The Central Science (Theodore E. Brown; H. Eugene H LeMay; Bruce E. Bursten; Catherine Murphy; Patrick Woodward), Biological Science (Freeman Scott; Quillin Kim; Allison Lizabeth), The definition of a hydrate is a chemical that contai, ), hydrated ferrous sulfate, hydrated cobalt sulfate, sucrose, epson salt, 4 test tubes, test, Seidel's Guide to Physical examination (043), Educational Psychology and Development of Children Adolescents (D094), Language Arts Instruction and Intervention (C365), Health Assessment Of Individuals Across The Lifespan (NUR 3065L), Introduction To Project Management Software (CSBU539), PHIL ethics and social responsibility (PHIL 1404), Professional Application in Service Learning I (LDR-461), Advanced Anatomy & Physiology for Health Professions (NUR 4904), Principles Of Environmental Science (ENV 100), Operating Systems 2 (proctored course) (CS 3307), Comparative Programming Languages (CS 4402), Business Core Capstone: An Integrated Application (D083), A&p exam 3 - Study guide for exam 3, Dr. Cummings, Fall 2016, BMGT 364 Planning the SWOT Analysis of Silver Airways, Lesson 13 Paleoseismology Case Studies; Induced Seismicity, Skill Blood Admin - Active Learning Template, Philippine Politics and Governance W1 _ Grade 11/12 Modules SY. Any time she touches the apparatus its under close supervision by myself. You might also like these related lessons! or iron(III) compounds, when exposed to air. Do you perhaps have any information about the nature of the .6% impurities in the original sample? -Bunsen burner Problem #1: A 15.67 g sample of a hydrate of magnesium carbonate was heated, without decomposing the carbonate, to drive off the water. Common examples of minerals that exist as hydrates are gypsum (\(\ce{CaSO4*2H2O}\)), Borax (\(\ce{Na3B4O7*10H2O}\)) and Epsom salts (\(\ce{MgSO4*7H2O}\)). . So the practical involved taking hydrated copper sulphate, heating it to drive off the water, weighing before and after, and thus calculating the number of water molecules of crystallisation, based on the respective molecular weights of the anhydrous salt and water. $X$ is the desired answer. The purpose of this lab is to determine the relationship between moles of copper sulfate and moles of water in a hydrate. Problem #2: A hydrate of Na2CO3 has a mass of 4.31 g before heating. I love this lab for several reasons. X is a specific whole number value. * Lead II nitrate Does a password policy with a restriction of repeated characters increase security? Which is very close to the actual error you find. Wt after: 8.22g What did you learn? 7. This document includes the pre-lab, procedure, data table, and analysis questions. * Pipet 7H 2 O) is a heptahydrate of magnesium sulfate: within one mole of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate are seven moles of water. Heat the test tube and note any condensation that may appear at the mouth of the test tube as evidence of dehydration, note the color of the residue. Materials: 2. Natural Gas Hydrates, Fourth Edition, provides a critical reference for engineers who are new to the field. The technique for this lab is based on actual geochemical analysis techniq. Cool (approximately 10 minutes) and get the mass of the anhydrate (white compound). Other compounds can spontaneously absorb water from the surrounding atmosphere, they are said to be hygroscopic. Measure out between 1 and 4 grams of copper sulfate hydrate that you have crushed into the crucible. with an unknown hydrate to determine the mass percent of water lost and solve for the formula and name of the unknown hydrate. Students will perform an experiment to find the hydrate formula. When this color change appears to be complete, add 3 to 5 mL of water and observe the color of the dissolved substance. The purpose of this bundle is to offer a worksheet to cover every type of naming.Goes Well With My Other Nomenclature Worksheets.NomenclaturePossible Uses- Worksheet- Activity- Homework- Classwork- Test Review- Quiz ReviewFeedbackHave questions or feedback? To learn more, see our tips on writing great answers. higher temperature change to the system. Source: Royal Society of Chemistry. dissolved is another. The actual percent is ____. Are you getting the free resources, updates, and special offers we send out every week in our teacher newsletter? which works out to: Each worksheet has a full preview available. This was determined by recording the absorbance values of five solutions of Copper Sulfate and distilled water of different molarities. Grace Timler Mathematics was used to explore wate, servation of mass and the reversibility properties in question. Measured mass of crucible again: 36.1571g, Measured mass of (hydrous) copper sulfate: 2.1614g, Measured mass of crucible with (hydrous) copper sulfate: 38.3189g, Heated crucible with hydrated copper sulfate for 3 minutes, before increasing heat, and heating it for 5 more minutes. Hence 0.267/0.0515 = 5.18mol water per mol copper sulphate. Embedded hyperlinks in a thesis or research paper. Interpreting non-statistically significant results: Do we have "no evidence" or "insufficient evidence" to reject the null? the main. The results for the heating, Title: Title of lab/experiment. Record the values as initial masses of containers and samples. Paragraph #3: An error and how to fix it. 10/3/12 Period: 5 Some hygroscopic substances, such as \(\ce{P2O5}\) and anhydrous \(\ce{CaCl2}\), are widely used to dry liquids and gases (see experiment on the Molecular Weight of \(\ce{CO2}\)); they are referred to as desiccants. Chemicals: Copper (II) sulfate hydrateStudents will experimentally determine the percent composition of water in the copper (II) sulfate hydrate. A substance is classified as efflorescent if its mass decreases by 0.005 g or more; and it is classified as hygroscopic if its mass increases by 0.005 g or more. ), Not all of the water may have evaporated during heating (Also unlikely, for the same reason as the one above. Chemistry Experiment # _____ Percent of Water in Copper II Sulfate Pentahydrate Name_____ Section_____Date_____ Name(s) of Lab Partner(s) . How did it compare to the actual (it is given to you in step 3 of the calculations)? Score Do Eric benet and Lisa bonet have a child together? We also acknowledge previous National Science Foundation support under grant numbers 1246120, 1525057, and 1413739. has a mass of 4.31 g before heating. Weigh and record the mass of the cooled crucible with its cover and content (anhydrous residue). Paragraph #2: What did you learn? * Salt Lab reports are due week of September 29 October 3, 2014. Moles of water per mole of \(\ce{CoCl2}\): What color would you expect to see when this student dissolves the blue residue in water at the end of the experiment? He weighs a clean and dry crucible with its cover and records a mass of 18.456 g. He then weighs the sample in the crucible and cover and obtains a mass of 19.566 g. He heats the sample, allows it to cool to room temperature and reweighs it to obtain a mass of 19.062 g. In the process, the samples color changed from red- burgundy to blue. Assumed water content: 42.6841.98 = 0.7g (!!!). The Homework includes all ionic compound possibilities: binary, ternary, multivalent cations, acids, and hydrates. Be sure to subtract out the crucible before putting it into the proper space above. Be sure to subtract out the crucible before putting it into the proper space above. 2. * Ammonium hydroxide Conclusion The mass percent of water in copper sulfate pentahydrate is _______. Be sure that the flame will be close enough to the triangle to engulf the entire crucible. Two sources of error include _____. Platform provided by Digication, Inc. Has the Melford Hall manuscript poem "Whoso terms love a fire" been attributed to any poetDonne, Roe, or other? Minutes in set-up time! Solutions were made up of two parts, the solute and the solvent. Furthermore, the Copper Sulfate and the distilled water had to be thoroughly mixed up by shaking the test tubes. Im teaching chemistry to a home-ed 15 year old. Covering the fundamental properties, thermodynamics and behavior of hydrates in multiphase systems, this reference explains the basics before advancing to more practical applications, the latest developments and models. Answer: The date the lab was performed or the date the report was submitted. Use a minimum of 2 g. This will help to reduce errors due to small lab balance inaccuracies. (8 points) Also, to see the color of each reaction determining the amount of energy released using our color scale. * Cup cup' method. Measured mass of crucible with anhydrous copper sulfate: 37.3005g How to force Unity Editor/TestRunner to run at full speed when in background? Texas Chemistry Standards (TEKS) Removed crucible from burner, placed on mesh pad, and allowed to return to room temperature. For example, if a given amount of hydrated copper(II) sulfate gave off 0.060 mole of H 2 O and left behind 0.012 mole of anhydrous copper(II) sulfate, CuSO 4, then the ratio of H 2 O to CuSO 4 is 5:1, and the formula would be written as CuSO 4 5H 2 O. If a CHEM From the masses of the water and anhydrous solid and the molar mass of the anhydrous solid (the formula of the anhydrous solid will be provided), the number of moles of water and moles of the anhydrous solid are calculated as shown below (\ref{4}, \ref{5}): \[n_{\ce{H2O}} = \frac{m_{\ce{H2O}}}{MM_{\ce{H2O}}} \label{4}\], \[n_{\text{Anhydrous Solid}} = \frac{m_{\text{Anhydrous Solid}}}{MM_{\text{Anhydrous Solid}}} \label{5}\]. Then reheat the solution to dryness. If a chemical reaction occurred, write a balanced equation for it. Explain what may have happened. Iron (III) chloride. There is an example problem included. For this step, you are just changing your grams of copper sulfate anhydrate (white powder) to moles using factor labeling. You should then decide if the compound is hygroscopic, efflorescent or neither using the change in the mass of the substance. Who makes the plaid blue coat Jesse stone wears in Sea Change? This lesson also covers the benefits of daily exercise an, Naming and Formulas: Polyatomic Ion Compounds and Hydrates Lesson Naming and Formulas: Simple Ionic and Covalent Compounds Asking for help, clarification, or responding to other answers. We tested the different reactions of each chemical compound that we used with the flame. In this part, pea-, sized samples (1-3g) were place separately in test tubes and heated for approxim, Principles of Environmental Science (William P. Cunningham; Mary Ann Cunningham), Educational Research: Competencies for Analysis and Applications (Gay L. R.; Mills Geoffrey E.; Airasian Peter W.), Brunner and Suddarth's Textbook of Medical-Surgical Nursing (Janice L. Hinkle; Kerry H. Cheever), Campbell Biology (Jane B. Reece; Lisa A. Urry; Michael L. Cain; Steven A. Wasserman; Peter V. Minorsky), Civilization and its Discontents (Sigmund Freud), Business Law: Text and Cases (Kenneth W. Clarkson; Roger LeRoy Miller; Frank B. It is soluble. The mass of water evaporated is obtained by subtracting the mass of the anhydrous solid from the mass of the original hydrate (\ref{3}): \[m_{\ce{H2O}} = m_{\text{Hydrate}} - m_{\text{Anhydrous Solid}} \label{3}\]. This will result in the precipitation of . |Score | This lesson presumes a basic understanding of how to name and write the formulas for binary ionic compounds. Copyright 2023. ), Human error is always in effect, given that the laboratory does not function under ideal conditions. The Composition of a Hydrate Lab - Teach Basic Percent Composition! Solutions: Nitric Acid (6M) When it is all white the water has been removed and the anhydrate is left. We can also (via stochiometric and molar ratios), calculate the ratio of salt to water. * Watch glass However, because the solutions were not mixed long and thoroughly enough, this made further deviations from what the data should have looked like. ** Interested in my other Chemistry Resources?? Even though it was close, the molarities of the five solutions were not exactly the ones that should have been used to carry out the lab. Note: This is an editable animated PowerPoint. The mass of water evaporated is obtained by subtracting the mass of the anhydrous solid from the mass of the original hydrate . Lab Report 1 Insufficient stirring, so that not all the solid is You will be able to edit the document to your needs and share it with your students. Anhydrate: The compound after the water molecule has been removed. I give . Why don't we use the 7805 for car phone chargers? temperature change caused by the reaction is hard to measure. Students should know how to name ionic compounds (39-Naming Ionic Compounds) and how to convert from grams to moles (60-Mole Convers, Students learn about hydrates - the ionic compounds with water physically associated with them! when does coordination become the distinctive task of management why? Answer the questions below. Accessibility StatementFor more information contact us atinfo@libretexts.org. Why purchase my version of this lab? Record the appearance of the hydrate before it is heated. The reaction of Copper (II) Sulfate, CuSO4, mass of 7.0015g with 2.0095g Fe or iron powder produced a solid precipitate of copper while the solution remained the blue color. Water is trapped in an ionic jail and can only escape using heat! A. FEATURESGuided notes that have students listening to you instead of writing notes.Opt to use slides for all students and guid, This is the perfect companion to the popular chemistry lab: Determining the Formula of an Unknown Hydrate. Occasionally we do some practical work, since I believe very strongly that physical science learning should have some real lab work to bring it alive, and also to teach things like observational skills and attention to detail. TPT empowers educators to teach at their best. I can also customize anything you', Looking for an engaging way for your students to review nomenclature for acids, bases and hydrates? For Part 2: Single-Displacement Reactions: For each of the four single-displacement reactions, describe what happened in each well. The title says what you did. Copper/Iron Stoichiometry The salt is magnesium sulfate - MgSO 4 and, the same as Copper sulfate, it exists as a hydrate, but in this case we will find the amount of water surrounding the compound. That is how I taught it during my first years of teaching, and even though I have a lab room now, I still love and use this activity! (Full Name) The weight after cooling of the evap dish is constant. 10/4/17 Hydrates Lab Report introduction the purpose of this experiment was to explore and evaluate the bonding properties and characteristics of hydrates.
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