authoritarian The sociologist who first defined the differences between primary and secondary groups is __________. The purpose of the HRBA is to empower individuals to be more productive and active members of their societies, which can translate into the workplace. Though bureaucracies are designed for efficiency, Weber also worried about the likelihood of such bureaucracies to concentrate power, reduce autonomy, and dehumanize those within it (Maley 2004; Samier 2005; Weiss 1983). c. Hypothetical . Indeed, rule bending behavior is often referred in the literature to as related to the unbureaucratic personality (Brockmann 2017; DeHart-Davis 2007). b. d. reference group, In discussing primary and secondary groups, the text points out that__________________. Ku Klux Klan d. rules and regulations, After conducting his research, Solomon Asch concluded that __________. Ferdinand Tnnies used the term __________ to characterize a traditional society in which social relationships are based on personal bonds of friendship and kinship and on intergenerational stability. c. conflict theorists a. Cognitive Psychology Overview of Theory. Formalization can be considered an organizations physiology (Bozeman and Scott 1996) or skeleton (Borry 2016), whereas red tape can be viewed as an organizations pathology (Bozeman and Scott 1996) or disease (Borry 2016). cultural relativism c. a more rigid hierarchical structure Katy is a member of the literature club in her college, but she neither accepts nor follows the values and norms of the club. Social psychologist __________ examined group decision making among political experts and found that major blunders in U.S. history may be attributed to pressure toward group conformity. c. formal group a. Solomon Asch Decisions are made on behalf of the people by leaders who engage in a process of bargaining, accommodation, and compromise, A _____ is a currently valued style of behavior, thinking, or appearance that is longer lasting and more widespread than a fad, A homeless man appears at the door of a shelter 10 minutes after the deadline for intake. They can think about the future and evaluate different options or courses of action. Relative Kaufmann et al. c. outgroups a greater emphasis on sharing ideas and problem-solving approaches. Human rights have also been incorporated into national law and are represented in most constitutions around the world. d. Individual, Cody is a member of the L.A. Crips. Philippine Airlines: the worst flag carrier? B. greater responsibility for organizational leaders. They have to comply with the legal norms and standards laid down in international human rights instruments and national laws and can be held accountable in case of human rights violations. The movement to humanize bureaucracy includes making government and administrative processes more user-friendly, accessible, and responsive to the needs of citizens and customers. c. Human Rights Campaign value of human rights and equal opportunity? Mention the word bureaucracy, and people are likely to take it as a detested term for long delays, inefficiency, clerical ineptness, petty arrogance, and lack of empathy. a division of labor. 2020, 1). d. normative, Which of these characteristics do virtual communities and face-to-face communities have in common? Review of Public Personnel Administration. Given discussed critiques by the human relations movement and representative bureaucracy that bring employees back to the fore, we questioned whether these characteristics are compatible with the growing recognition of human rights. . Strengths and weaknesses in a human rights-based approach to international developmentAn analysis of a rights-based approach to development assistance based on practical experiences. What is a human rights-based approach to health and does it matter? To meet the instrumental and expressive needs of group members, A major difference between aggregates and social groups is that people in aggregates, share a common purpose but generally do not interact with one another. The group has experienced __________. Achieving equity in public organizations entails not only acknowledging existing inequalities and issues, but also active engagement toward a more equitable bureaucratic structure and addressing underlying structural conditions, such as education, living standards, and employment access. b. the concentration of power in the hands of organizational leaders. d. social group, Almost __________ of Stanley Milgram's research subjects went all the way to what could have been a deadly jolt of electricity if the shock generator had been real. a. the degree of social cohesion felt by participants is very important regarding how individuals respond to group pressure. Which of the following terms did German political sociologist Robert Michels use to refer to the tendency of a bureaucracy to be ruled by the few? d. 225, People do not voluntarily become members of __________ organizations. A. formal group Group conformity b. 23 UDHR on the right to work, which includes indicators such as access to decent and productive work, just and safe working conditions, training, skill upgrading and professional development, and protection from unemployment. Next, we apply a human rights framework to bureaucracy in the public sector. a. childhood socialization is fairly complete, which makes adult socialization redundant b. the family is more involved in adult socialization than in childhood socialization c. adult socialization involves greater freedom of choice than does childhood socialization d. there is much less to learn during adulthood C Psychology - What is Psychology? this research raises some questions concerning research ethics c. secondary group Sociologists term this awareness __________. 23 UDHR), leisure (Art. Rules, whether they are considered red tape or not, also lead to rule behaviors. Indivisibility and interdependence of human rights: Human rights are indivisible, meaning that there is no hierarchy of human rights. c. Individual Though nondiscrimination protections exist in the United States, for example, via Title VII of the Civil Rights Act and the Equal Employment Opportunity Act, data consistently show that those from underrepresented populations remain underrepresented in government employment. aggregate We first present an overview of Webers bureaucratic theory and introduce relevant critiques. d. may encourage social cohesion among group members, d. may encourage social cohesion among group members, In his study of conformity, Solomon Asch found that __________. cooperative b. secondary category Steps need to be taken to mitigate the potential negative effects of specialization for human rights and equity. The __________ style of leadership would be most effective in this situation. Weber on bureaucracy: Management consultant or political theorist? ), "Calculation of EPS and retained earnings Everdeen Mining, Inc., ended 2015 with a net profit before taxes of $436,000. Students walking to class, shoppers in a department store, and people lined up to buy tickets are examples of __________. I assured him that PhilHealth is better run nowadays and though it might take a while to process the claim, he would eventually get his reimbursement. In discussing primary and secondary groups, the text points out that ___________________. what percent of texas is christian; Blog Details Title ; By | June 29, 2022. part . Further, special attention must be paid to the participation of underrepresented groups. A person's class (socioeconomic status based on a person's education, occupation, and income) is the most significant predictor of whether a person will participate in a mainstream __________ organization.. d. expressive, A(n) __________ is an organizational model characterized by a hierarchy of authority, a clear division of labor, explicit rules and procedures, and impersonality in personal matters. They are responsible for the observance of human rights. d. Instrumental, The text uses the expression "bureaucracy's other face" to refer to __________. Weber relied on an abstract model that described the recurring characteristics of some phenomenon (such as bureaucracy) d. outgroup, Susan and Mary are middle-aged women who have been neighbors for twenty-five years. Editorial. b. Course Hero is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university. Appropriate emotions for a given role or situation, Answer: B. However, specialization implies the reduction of an employees knowledge of the overall process and centers power and control in the hands of managers (Weiss 1983, 246). A human rights-based approach (HRBA) puts human rights values and principles at the core of strategy, process, and outcome. Bureaucracy is a way of managing the affairs of a complex society. ingroup It also serves to empower individuals to shape their own affairs through the right to political participation or access public services equally (Art. He is refused shelter for the night because he arrived late. __________ needs are met by opportunities of self-expression and support from family, friends, and peers. Lastly, we focus these critiques internally on the treatment of employees. b. the image a bureaucracy presents to the media A bureaucracy works when its operations are, at every point, made predictable. C. a greater emphasis on sharing ideas and problem-solving approaches. 113. Portillo (2012) found that white men rely on their status and power more than they do rules in the course of their jobs, using rules as a last resort. social group Peter is a likeable bloke with a hearing problem and a ready smile. d. Irving Janis, Which of these is not likely to constitute a reference group for a person who strongly believes in the value of human rights and equal opportunity? formal group a. informal group It prioritizes the human over other potential markers (e.g., efficiency) and assesses the impact of any action or intervention on human dignity (London 2008; Schmitz 2012; Uvin 2007). But the very same reasons that make it work as a solution to complexity also tend to be the causes behind its classic dysfunctions. a. b. When there are bureaucracy, organizations can operate more smoothly and productively. Broadly, rules, when they beget compliance, lead to consistent behavior by those in the organization. What is the economic structure of society? The emphasis on technical proficiency, which requires that bureaucrats have training and expertise for the position in which they are hired. c. aggregate c. people in a secondary group may eventually form a primary group this research raises some questions concerning research ethics, In Stanley Milgram's experiments, none of the "teachers" challenged the process before they had applied __________ volts. Public organizations can integrate public commitments to human rights into their policies. A bureaucracy also has an informal structure, which includes the daily activities and interactions that bypass the official rules and procedures.
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